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Environment Planet Possible India bets its energy future on solar—in ways both small and big. Environment As the EU targets emissions cuts, this country has a coal problem. Paid Content How Hong Kong protects its sea sanctuaries. History Magazine These 3,year-old giants watched over the cemeteries of Sardinia. But it turns out the person doing the questioning was giving an unconscious clue to let Hans know he had gotten to the right number.
Maybe the person would lean forward a little or look more excited. So Hans was reading the clues that people were giving off in this very subtle way, and giving the right answer. But the new thinking about Hans is that it showed how incredibly smart he was, that he could read clues in the human psyche so much more clearly than we can read clues in horse language. Don proved it did and that bats used it and went on to spend his career studying animals. At that time, people believed only humans had consciousness.
Toward the end of his career he wrote a book called Animal Minds , which claimed that animals have consciousness. When it first came out, Don got a great deal of flack. There were people who called it the Satanic Verses of the animal science world.
But as things progressed he came to be known as a leader in the field of consciousness in animals. He died about a decade ago. I wish he were around to see how widely accepted his ideas and books are now. Ranchers in Mongolia and Spain use semi-feral horses in a way that may be very close to how humans first domesticated the horse. Tell us about those relationships and how they work. For quite a long time, science divided animals into wild and domesticated.
The new theory, as we become more refined in our understanding and science, is that in the process of domestication there was not this monolithic boundary between wild and domesticated. Humans began associating with a number of different animals and a number of animals began associating with humans because it was for our mutual benefit.
The horses look like they are in seventh heaven! Are we hardwired to bond not just with our own kind - but with other species? I would say that evolution and biochemistry have given us an affinity with other animals.
I feel lonely and ill at ease. We have this biochemistry that makes us like to have a lot of life around us. I had a wonderful experience once in a camp in Zimbabwe. I woke up very early one morning, not because I wanted to but because there were so many noises outside my tent. The baboons were very loud but there were all kinds of other animals out there too, like monkeys and birds.
It was overwhelming; a quite beautiful feeling. But so few of us get to hear that wonderful sound. The few times I have ridden have been a disaster. They have a program that brings you to the ranch and allows you to spend a week working with a wild mustang. You learn about the horse as a living animal and the horse gets to know you. He went from one barn to another after he was retired from racing.
No one could work with him until he was acquired by a woman in California called Karen Murdock , who managed to establish the bond you and I have just been discussing. Her approach was very gentle and clear, shaping rather than forcing his behavior.
The steppe zones, east of the Ural Mountains in Northern Kazakhstan, are known to have been a prime habitat for wild horses thousands of years ago. They were a commonly hunted animal. This may have set the stage for horse domestication by providing indigenous cultures with access to plentiful wild herds and the opportunity to gain an intimate knowledge of equine behaviour.
Horses appear to have been domesticated in preference to adopting a herding economy based upon domestic cattle, sheep and goats. Horses have the advantage of being adapted to severe winters and they are able to graze year round, even through snow. Cattle, sheep and goats need to be to be provided with winter fodder, and were a later addition to the prehistoric economies of the region.
Materials provided by University of Exeter. Note: Content may be edited for style and length. Science News. Story Source: Materials provided by University of Exeter. Journal Reference : Outram et al. The Earliest Horse Harnessing and Milking. Science , ; : DOI: ScienceDaily, 8 March
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